ʻO kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi o ka mīkini mea hana spindle a me ka turntable e hoʻokō i ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka hana o ka mīkini mīkini.

Spindlehali ana

Ma keʻano he mea nui o ka mīkini mīkini, e hoʻopili pololei ka hana o ka spindle i ka pololei o ka rotation, ka wikiwiki, ka rigidity, ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, ka walaʻau a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka mīkini mea hana, a laila e hoʻopili i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka mea hana. e like me ke kiko o ka ʻāpana, ka ʻili o ka ʻili a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. No laila, i mea e mālama ai i nā mana mīkini maikaʻi loa o nā mea mīkini, pono e hoʻohana i nā bearings kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka pololei o nā bearings i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā milo mīkini mīkini he ISO P5 a i luna (P5 a i ʻole P4 nā māka pololei ISO, maʻamau P0, P6, P5, P4, P2 mai haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe), a no nā mīkini mīkini CNC kiʻekiʻe, ka mīkini. nā kikowaena, a me nā mea'ē aʻe, pono e hoʻohana i ka ISO P4 a iʻole ma luna o ke kākoʻo spindle o nā mīkini mīkini kiʻekiʻe; ʻO nā bearings spindle me nā bearings ball contact angular, nā bearings roll tapered, a me nā bearings roller cylindrical.

1. Ka pololeikuʻekuʻe pili pili pōpō

Ma waena o nā ʻano bearings i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻo nā bearings angular contact ball bearings (e nānā i ke Kiʻi 2) ka mea hoʻohana nui loa. Ua ʻike mākou a pau ʻo nā mea ʻōwili o nā bearings pōpō pili ʻokoʻa he pōpō; no ka mea he kiko kiko (ʻokoʻa mai ka laina laina o nā bearings roller), hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, ka hana haʻahaʻa wela a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka rotation Accuracy. Ma kekahi mau noi spindle ultra-high-speed, hoʻohana pū ʻia nā bearings hybrid me nā pōpō seramika (maʻamau ʻo Si3N4 a i ʻole Al2O3). Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pōpō kila paʻakiki maʻamau, nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea pōpō seramika e hāʻawi i nā bearings seramika me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, a me ke ola lōʻihi, i mea e hoʻokō ai i nā pono o nā mea kūʻai aku kiʻekiʻe no nā huahana mīkini mea hana.

2. Ka pololeihuila wili liʻiliʻi

Ma kekahi mau mīkini paahana me nā ukana kaumaha a me kekahi mau koi wikiwiki - e like me ka wili ʻana i nā forgings, ka mīkini hoʻohuli uea o nā paipu ʻaila, nā lathe kaumaha a me nā mīkini wili, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ke koho ʻana i nā bearings tapered rolling precision he hopena kūpono. No ka mea, ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā wili o ka tapered roller bearing i ka hoʻopili laina, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i ka rigidity kiʻekiʻe a me ka hiki ke hoʻouka no ke kumu nui; Eia kekahi, ʻo ka tapered roller bearing kahi hoʻolālā wili ʻōwili maʻemaʻe, hiki ke hōʻemi maikaʻi i ka hana bearing. Torque a me ka wela e hōʻoia i ka wikiwiki a me ka pololei o ka spindle. No ka mea hiki i ka tapered roller bearings ke hoʻoponopono i ka axial preload (clearance) i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, hiki i kēia i nā mea kūʻai ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka hoʻoponopono ʻae ʻana i ka bearing i ka wā o ke ola holoʻokoʻa o ka bearing.

3. Precision cylindrical huila huila

I ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wili mīkini mea hana, hoʻohana pū ʻia nā lālani ʻelua i nā bearings cylindrical roller, maʻamau i ka hui pū ʻana me nā bearings angular contact ball bearings a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea pahu. Hiki i kēia ʻano o ka halihali ke kū i nā ukana radial nui aʻe a ʻae i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā lālani ʻelua o nā wili i ka bearing ma ke ʻano keʻa, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke alapine fluctuation i ka wā o ka rotation ma mua o ka lālani hoʻokahi, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka amplitude e 60% a 70%. ʻO kēia ʻano o ka bearing maʻamau he ʻelua ʻano: NN30, NN30K ʻelua mau bearings me nā iwi ʻaoʻao ma ke apo i loko a me ke apo o waho hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia; NNU49, NNU49K elua moʻo bearings me nā iwiʻaoʻao ma ka waho apo a separable i loko apo, ma waena o NN30K a me NNU49K moʻo ʻO ke apo i loko he puka liʻiliʻi (taper 1:12), i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka puke paʻi paʻi o ke kumu nui. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke apo i loko axially e hoʻonui i ke apo i loko, i hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻae ʻana o ka bearing a i ʻole i hoʻopaʻa mua ʻia i ka bearing (negative clearance state). Hoʻokomo maʻa mau ʻia nā bearings me nā pahu cylindrical, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka interference fit e hōʻemi i ka ʻae ʻana o ka bearing, a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka bearing. No nā bearings NNU49 series me kahi apo i loko e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia ka raceway ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke apo i loko me kahi kumu nui e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pololei o ka rotation o ke kumu nui.